Guangzhou, traditionally romanized as Canton, is the capital and most populous city of the province of Guangdong in southern China. Located on the Pearl River about 120 km north-northwest of Hong Kong and 145 km north of Macau, Guangzhou has been a historically important trade port and serves as a major national transportation hub and trading port today. It is one of the five National Central Cities and a major international commerce center, contributing to the city being classified as a global city. Guangzhou is the third most-populous city in China, after Beijing and Shanghai, with a population of over 15 million in the administrative area as of the 2020 census. Mandarin is the official national language, and Cantonese is the native and predominant spoken language in daily life. The city is known for its architectural marvels and historical landmarks such as the Canton Tower, the Guangxiao Temple, and the Chen Clan Ancestral Hall. Guangzhou's history dates back to the Qin Dynasty when it served as a key port and transport hub. It has been an integral part of China’s Silk Road and Maritime Silk Road, playing a significant role in international trade throughout the ages. The city's diverse cultural influences are reflected in its culinary tradition, including Cantonese cuisine, one of China's eight major culinary traditions. Guangzhou is also famous for its annual Canton Fair, China's oldest and largest trade fair. The fair has been instrumental in bolstering the country's international trade relations. Demographically, Guangzhou is a melting pot with the majority Han Chinese population and significant numbers of ethnic minorities and expatriates, adding to the city's multicultural landscape. The city also fosters a robust ecosystem for innovation and entrepreneurship, being home to numerous tech startups and established multinational companies. Guangzhou’s economy is diverse, with key industries including manufacturing, automobile, petrochemical, and electronics. The area also has a growing services sector, particularly in finance, insurance, real estate, and tourism. Culturally, Guangzhou is a center for Cantonese culture, including music, opera, and folk arts, which have been well preserved and continue to thrive. The city often celebrates traditional festivals with fervor, such as the Chinese New Year, the Dragon Boat Festival, and the Mid-Autumn Festival. Educationally, Guangzhou is a prominent academic hub with several esteemed institutions such as Sun Yat-sen University and South China University of Technology. In conclusion, Guangzhou is a vibrant metropolis blending rich history with modernity, and it serves as a testament to China's rapid economic growth and cultural fusion.